Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Peking Union ta bayyana cewa sinadarin rosemarinic acid yana rage rashin lafiyar asma ta hanyar hanji da huhu.

Asma tana shafar kashi 3% na al'ummar duniya, tana haifar da mace-mace sama da 250,000 kuma tana shafar mutane sama da miliyan 600 da ke da alamun cutar. Tana da mummunan tasiri ga lafiyar jiki da ta kwakwalwa, wanda ke haifar da raguwar yawan aiki, raguwar ƙarfin jiki da raguwar ingancin rayuwa. Asma babban nauyi ne na tattalin arziki, musamman ga waɗanda ke da asma mara kyau da kuma a ƙasashe masu ƙarancin kuɗi. Asma cuta ce mai rikitarwa da ke shafar abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta da muhalli kuma cututtuka, allergens da abubuwan da ke haifar da haushi ke haifarwa. Akwai bambancin kumburi a cikin hanyoyin iska da sake fasalin su. Saboda sarkakiyar da ke tattare da ita, asma tana da wahalar magani ko hana ta. Maganin asma yana mai da hankali kan rage alamun cutar, kiyaye matakan aiki na yau da kullun da kuma hana lalacewar aikin huhu. Magungunan hana kumburi da bronchodilator, kamar corticosteroids, beta2-agonists da anticholinergics, sune manyan hanyoyin maganin asma. Ana amfani da su a hankali don magance alamun. Ana ɗaukar corticosteroids da aka shaƙa a matsayin maganin da aka fi so don magance matsalolin asma mai tsanani kuma ana iya amfani da su tare da β2-agonists masu aiki na matsakaici kamar salbutamol, terbutaline da pyridostigmine don ingantaccen sakamako na magani. Ana kuma amfani da magungunan anticholinergics don rage toshewar broncho da kumburin hanyar iska.

An samo SXCF ne daga ganyen gargajiya na kasar Sin mai suna Hardy Pointed Goddess of Mercy, wanda aka daɗe ana amfani da shi don magance asma. An nuna cewa Rosmarinic acid (RosA), wani sinadari mai kama da phenolic da aka gano a cikin SXCF, shine babban sinadari mai aiki. Nazarin asibiti da na gwaji sun nuna cewa RosA yana da tasiri wajen magance asma, yana daidaita tsarin garkuwar jiki, yana kare hanta da koda, kuma gabaɗaya yana da aminci. Duk da haka, ba a san ainihin hanyar hana alerji ta RosA ba.

RosA wani sinadari ne mai narkewa cikin ruwa, amma samuwarsa ba ta da yawa (~1.57%) saboda rashin kyawun shigarsa cikin membrane. Nazarin da aka yi a baya ya nuna cewa ana sarrafa RosA ta baki a cikin hanji don samar da sinadarai masu sauƙin sha, waɗanda suka fi sauƙin sha. Sannan waɗannan suna shiga cikin jini kuma ana fitar da su daga jiki ta hanyar kodan. Duk da haka, a cikin bincikenmu, yawan RosA da metabolites ɗinsa ya kasance ƙasa da 0.5 ng/ml bayan maganin baki, wanda ke nuna cewa RosA ko metabolites ɗinsa ba su isa su samar da tasirin hana asma ba idan aka sha su da baki, wanda ke nuna cewa ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji suna shiga cikin hanji.

Kwatanta SXCF da RosA wajen rage asma mai rashin lafiyan da kuma shigar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji

5-HT, SCFAs da LPS suna aiki a matsayin ƙwayoyin sigina waɗanda ke da hannu sosai wajen kafa tasirin hana asma na RosA ta hanyar hanji zuwa huhu. Musamman ma, RosA yana rage samuwar metabolites daga ƙwayoyin cuta (galibi cholate) don hana biosynthesis na 5-HT, ta haka yana hana toshewar bronchostriction da vasodilation na 5-HT. Bugu da ƙari, rage matakan 5-HT ya hana samar da IgE da mucous ta hanyar canza metabolism na LMs (galibi TXA2 da 5HETE). Bugu da ƙari, RosA ya haɓaka yawan probiotics na asali da haɗin SCFAs da ke da alaƙa, wanda hakan ya haɓaka bayyanar sunadaran haɗin hanji (ZO-1 da OCLN), yana ba da gudummawa ga lafiyar hanji gaba ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, SCFAs sun ƙara yawan bayyanar MCTs na hanji (MCT1, SMCT1 da MCT4), ta haka ne suka inganta ingancin isar da su ta hanyar tsarinsu da kuma ƙara rage martanin kumburi da Th2/ILC2 ke bayarwa, samar da IgE, kwararar eosinophil da samar da majina. RosA kuma ya hana samarwa da canza wurin ƙwayoyin cuta na asali da LPS masu alaƙa, ta haka ne ya rage kumburin ciki da TLR4-NFκB ke bayarwa.

A ƙarshe, bincikenmu ya nuna cewa tsarin hana asma na RosA ta baki galibi yana gudana ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin ƙwayoyin sigina a cikin sashin hanji da huhu. RosA yana kunna hanyoyi da yawa, masu dacewa da juna da kuma waɗanda suka haɗu don cimma haɗin gwiwa. Wannan ya sa RosA ya zama magani mai aminci, inganci kuma amintacce wanda ke da yuwuwar amfani da shi azaman madadin glucocorticoids wajen magance asma.